Chemical composition of the coffee

The Coffee possesses the following chemical constitution: alkaloids, including the alkaloids purínicos or xantinas (caffeine, teobromina, teofilina, paraxantina), organic acids (acid clorogênico 5 to 10%, and the acids cafeico, metilúrico, vanílico, hidroxibenzoico and ferrúlico), flavonóides (caempferol, quercetol 40%), diterpenos (cafestol, caveol), salicilatos (methyl salicilato), EDTA, benzoic acid, derived nicotínicos (trigonelina), essential oils (acid cinâmico, aldehyde cinâmico), vitamins (nicotinamida, ascorbic acid, tiamina, riboflavina and carotene) and minerals (calcium, match and iron).

Grindelia possesses the following chemical constitution: Diterpenos labdânicos or grindelanos (acids grindélico and oxigrindélico 10%), essential oils (borneol), saponinas, tannins, glicosídeos (grindelina), alkaloids, flavonóides, composed acetilênicos (matricariol and matricariol acetate) and fitosteróis.

 Traditional information

The Coffee is a plant with the following uses identified etnofarmacológicos: Stimulant, diuretic, depurativo of the blood, tonic general, antiasmático, antigripal, antidiarreico, antireumático, combats the vertigos, them migraine associated to caught a cold, vulnerário, antiespasmódico and sudorífico.

Grindelia is a plant with the following uses identified etnofarmacológicos: Antiasmática, expectorant, tonic of the heart, diuretic, antitussígena, diuretic, antiespasmódica, carminativa, and anti-infective.

Way of Action:

The components possess the following pharmacological actions:

The coffee plant (Arabic Coffea) it is very rich in xantinas with very known pharmacological activity. His/her mechanism of main action is through the inhibition of the adenil ciclase, increasing the concentration of AMP cyclical intracelular. This causes modification of the activity of several cells. The main pharmacological properties of the xantinas are relaxation of flat musculature, mainly brônquica, increase of the force of contraction of the heart muscle with increase of the consumption of O2, increase of the cronotropismo, increase of the renal sanguine flow, I increase of the tax of filtration glomerular, effect natriurético for tubular action, increase of the diurese and incentive of the breathing center and of the functions of SNC.

The xantinas and the caffeine in usual doses cause increase of 10% in the basal metabolic tax and his/her action mechanism depends on a complex interaction between their components and the different receivers. The benzoic acid, the salicilatos and the acid ferrúlico, all possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. The benzoic acid also fluidifica the breathing secretions where it acts as antisséptico. The trigonelina has action on the hepatócito, increasing his/her metabolism, the bile production and reducing the cellular mortality in models of chemical hepatitis for tetracloreto of carbon.

The acid cafêico, the salicilatos and the quercetol possess action antiadesiva plaquetária. The action mechanisms include the blockade of the tromboxano synthesis A2, the increase of the prostaciclina concentration in the vascular endotélio and the increase of AMP cyclical intracelular in the plaques. The quercetol also exhibits outstanding action on the microcirculação increasing the stability of the vascular endotélio and reducing his/her permeability. This action also links with an anti-allergic activity, whose action mechanism is not still completely elucidated. Other pharmacological activities of the quercetol are antidiarreica, antiviral, antiarrítmica, antioxidant, antiherpética and anti-inflammatory.

The acid clorogênico is a potent colagogo, increasing in a significant way the bile production, besides protecting the liver against chemical hepatitis. The acid clorogênico also exhibits outstanding antibacterial action. Among sensitive microorganisms to the this substance has P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, D. pneumoniae, Streptococcus sp and N. meningitidis. The caempferol has effect antihipertensivo for vasodilatação, in concentrations very low séricas (3 mmol/L). In models of intestinal infection for bacteria patogênicas in animals, the extract of the leaves of Arabic Coffea was effective in reducing the gravity and the time of disease.

The beginnings more important active Grindelia camporum are grindelanos. These compositions act in the flat musculature causing relaxation, mainly of the musculature brônquica, that determines an effect broncodilatador. The essential oils and to you resin of fluidificando act the breathing secretion and working as local antissépticos. Another identified action of the extract of Grindelia camporum is the reduction of the reflex of the cough for increase of the threshold of excitability of the sensitive endings in the mucous membrane brônquica. The grindelanos also act in the heart, reducing the answer cronotrópica and increasing the inotropismo. Authors believe that his action mechanism includes the increase of the relaxation of the heart fibers during the diástole. He/she increases him/it debit heart, the renal sanguine flow and the tax of filtration glomerular. He also acts regulating the intestinal peristaltismo and increasing the expulsion of gases.

The glicosídeos of they possess outstanding bitter flavor, that it stimulates the gustatory papilas increasing the production of digestive secretions.